How to Zero a Scope: A Beginner’s Guide (With Real Range Day Experience)
This weekend, my wife and I hit the range to sight in her brand-new scope, and it inspired this guide for anyone just getting started with optics. Zeroing your scope (also called “sighting in”) is one of the most important steps in setting up your rifle. It ensures your point of aim matches your point of impact—so when you line up the crosshairs, your shot goes exactly where you expect.
If you’re new to shooting or just bought your first scope, this post is for you. We’ll walk you through the basics, using Minute of Angle (MOA) adjustments, step-by-step.
What Does “Zeroing a Scope” Mean?
Zeroing a scope means adjusting it so that your bullet hits exactly where your reticle (crosshairs) is aiming—at a specific distance. Most people zero at 100 yards, which is a good all-around starting point.
What You Need to Get Started
- Your rifle and mounted scope
- A stable shooting rest or bench
- Paper targets (preferably with a grid or bullseye)
- A spotting scope or binoculars (optional but helpful)
- Ammo you plan to use consistently
- Tools for adjusting your scope (usually just your fingers or a coin)
Step-by-Step: How to Zero Your Scope
1. Set up at 25 Yards First
We always start at 25 yards. Why? It helps make sure we’re at least on paper before backing out to longer distances. Fire 2-3 rounds and check where they’re landing.
2. Adjust Your Scope Using MOA
Most scopes adjust in ¼ MOA increments. That means each click moves your bullet impact ¼ inch at 100 yards. At 25 yards, that same click only moves your impact about ¹⁄₁₆ inch.
To calculate your adjustments:
- At 100 yards: 1 MOA = 1 inch
- At 50 yards: 1 MOA = ½ inch
- At 25 yards: 1 MOA = ¼ inch
If your shots are 2 inches low and 1 inch right at 25 yards, you’ll want to adjust:
- Up 8 clicks (2 inches ÷ 0.25 inches/click)
- Left 4 clicks (1 inch ÷ 0.25 inches/click)
3. Move Out to 100 Yards
Once you’re close at 25 yards, move to 100 yards to fine-tune your zero. Fire a 3-shot group, then adjust accordingly using the same MOA math—but now each click equals ¼ inch.
4. Repeat as Needed
Zeroing isn’t just about moving the reticle to match a single shot. It’s about grouping shots and adjusting the group to the center of the target. Take your time and focus on consistent shooting.
Tips for a Smoother Zeroing Process
- Use the same ammo every time. Changing ammo can shift your point of impact.
- Let the barrel cool between groups. Heat affects accuracy.
- Use a stable rest. Wobbly shooting positions = inconsistent results.
- Write down your adjustments. It helps you track progress and makes future zeroing easier.
Final Thoughts
Zeroing a scope can seem technical, but once you do it a couple of times, it becomes second nature. My wife did great on her first try—once she understood how MOA worked, she was making adjustments like a pro. It’s a great way to build confidence and get dialed in for a successful day at the range or in the field.
Have questions or want us to break down other rifle basics? Drop a comment below or check out more guides from Blackbox Ballistics.